Pharaoh

Pharaoh (/ˈfɛəroʊ/, US also /ˈfeɪ.roʊ/; Egyptian: pr ꜥꜣ; Coptic: ⲡⲣ̅ⲣⲟ, romanized: Pǝrro; Biblical Hebrew: פַּרְעֹה‎ Părʿō) is the common title now used for the monarchs of ancient Egypt from the First Dynasty (c. 3150 BCE) until the annexation of Egypt by the Roman Empire in 30 BCE, although the term "pharaoh" was not used contemporaneously for a ruler until Merneptah, c. 1210 BCE, during the Nineteenth dynasty, "king"[clarification needed] being the term used most frequently until the middle of the Eighteenth Dynasty. In the early dynasties, ancient Egyptian kings used to have up to three titles: the Horus, the Sedge and Bee (nswt-bjtj), and the Two Ladies or Nebty (nbtj) name. The Golden Horus as well as the nomen and prenomen titles were added later.

Firawn (lit. "Pharaoh"; Arabic: فرعون) is an Egyptian king mentioned in the Qur'an under whom the prophet Moses lived. Pharaoh is the modern title of the kings of ancient Egypt. Apparently, it was never an official title, but emerged as a euphemism that allowed to avoid mentioning the king's name and official royal titles during the New Kingdom era and especially spread by the middle of the first millennium BC. B.C. The Greek word "Φαραώ" is borrowed from the Bible (Hebrew פַּרְעֹה, [par'ō]); the original Egyptian "per-oh" literally means "great house," that is, royal palace. The usual designation of Egyptian kings was "belonging to the Reed and the Bee" ("nesu-biti"), i.e. to Upper and Lower Egypt respectively, or simply "lord of both lands" ("nebtaoui").

Etymology

مجرور

1. pharaoh;

2. fuhrer;

3. parenthood or parent's home.

in Quran

(2:49) We saved you from the people of Pharaoh (Arab. فِرْعَوْنَ, firʿawna); they were punishing you with horrible torment, killing your children, and shaming your women. In that was a great trial from your Lord.

(2:50) We parted the sea for you, thus We saved you and drowned the people of Pharaoh (Arab. فِرْعَوْنَ, firʿawna) while you were watching.